Despite EU legislation there are still significant barriers to equal treatment and adequate prevention and prosecution of, and compensation for, hate crimes in the European Union. In this study for the European Parliamentary Research Service, Wouter van Ballegooij and Jeffrey Moxom focus on EU action and cooperation on equality and the fight against racism and xenophobia. They describe the impacts of these weaknesses on the individuals concerned, in denying their rights, and in visiting material and immaterial damage in educational achievement, health status, earnings, housing conditions and pension entitlements. To address these barriers, the study provides options for EU action.
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2018/615660/EPRS_STU(2018)615660_EN.pdf

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